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DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) are the writers of the epigenome. DNMTs are a highly conserved family of proteins present in nearly all life on earth. In mammals, there are 3 major DNMTs: DNMT1, DNMT3a and DNMT3b. DNMT1 is a maintenance DNMT, while DNMT3a and 3b are de novo DNMTs. The common feature of all 5C-DNMTs is 10 conserved amino acids in their C-terminal catalytic domain. They also have 10 conserved motifs that fulfill catalytic, cofactor binding, and DNA targeting functions.
